Contributed by: Urcia C. Mauricio

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1. BOUNDARY
Boundary has two distinct meanings in the sport of cricket;
(i) the edge or boundary of the playing field, and
(ii) a manner of scoring runs.
Example:
The boundary is the edge of the playing field, or the physical object marking the edge of the field, such as a rope or fence. If the physical object is moved during play (such as by a fielder sliding into the rope) the boundary is considered to remain at the point where that object first stood.
Constraint in information theory refers to the degree of statistical dependence between or among variables.
Example:
Drum-Buffer-Rope is a manufacturing execution methodology, named for its three components. The drum is the physical constraint of the plant: the work center or machine or operation that limits the ability of the entire system to produce more. The rest of the plant follows the beat of the drum. They make sure the drum has work and that anything the drum has processed does not get wasted.
3. Interface
the aggregate of means by which people interact with a machine, device, computer program, or other complex tool.
It may also be a point of interconnection between a terminal and a network or between two networks.
Example:
To work with a system, the users need to be able to control the system and assess the state of the system. For example, when driving an automobile, the driver uses the steering wheel to control the direction of the vehicle, and the accelerator pedal, brake pedal and gearstick to control the speed of the vehicle. The driver perceives the position of the vehicle by looking through the windscreen and exact speed of the vehicle by reading the speedometer. The user interface of the automobile is on the whole composed of the instruments the driver can use to accomplish the tasks of driving and maintaining the automobile.

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What is MIS?
The concepts of MIS have been around since the computer era started. The idea of better living and work was initiated by the advancement of computer technology over the years. 3 schools of thoughts started the idea of automation and computerization; engineering school, computer science and business school. Each had different approaches and understandings to the word "management" and "information system". The word "management" makes it difficult for people to grasp what to be done and what should be learnt to deal with the issue. Presently, 4 ideas of MIS are

- system management = system design and set up, what is the best system design
- information management = information delivery to people who need it, what is the system which delivers information effectively
- information system = the system that holds and distributes useful information, what is the system which delivers information
- management of technology = managing the information system cost-effectively, what is the system which is worth the investment.

All aspects are important to the organization and, obviously, all knowledge is complementary to each other in order to achieve effective and efficient system and get the most out of the money spent.

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A computer reservations system (CRS) is a computerized system used to store and retrieve information and conduct transactions related to travel. Originally designed and operated by airlines, they were later extended to travel agents as a sales channel; major CRS operations that book and sell tickets for multiple airlines are known as Global Distribution Systems (GDS). Airlines have divested most of their direct holdings to dedicated Global Distribution System companies, and many systems are now accessible to consumers through Internet gateways for hotel, rental cars, and other services as well as airline tickets

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1. INTERRELATIONS
2. BOUNDARY
3. PURPOSE
4. ENVIRONMENT
-In computing, an integrated development environment (IDE) is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor, a compiler and/or interpreter, build automation tools, and (usually) a debugger. Sometimes a version control system and various tools are integrated to simplify the construction of a GUI.

5. INTERFACES
-An interface defines the communication boundary between two entities, such as a piece of software, a hardware device, or a user. It generally refers to an abstraction that an entity provides of itself to the outside.
6. CONSTRAINTS
7. INPUTS
8. OUTPUTS
-In information processing, output is the process of transmitting information or the transmitted information itself. Essentially, output is any data exiting a computer system. This could be in the form of printed paper, audio, video. In the medical industry this might include CT scans or x-rays.
9. COMPONENTS

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The mid-eighties were the time most manufacturing companies began to shift to IS to forecast sales, take orders, and manage distribution of products. Time Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web in 1989. This protocol HTML used over the existing Internets that had been constructed opened up a new era of EDI the world had never seen. Where by the mid-1990's it became apparent that there is no way for a corporation to efficiently do business without a solid functioning IS setup inside its own walls as well as connected with its supply-chain vendors and distributors. EDI once known as Electronic Data Processing (EDP) have now brought profit margins so low that any business that does not prepare itself will be out of business in the next five years.

IS is a technology driven system. With out it, business would not be what it is today. It has evolved over the past forty years to being the back bone of business, yet the simple application rules created in the 1960s and 1970s are still very relevant in any application where data or information is transferred in what ever business model it is applied to no matter the complexity.

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